How Massage Benefits Back Pain

Getting a regular massage for the back helps increases the blood flow to your muscles, improves muscle tone and helps your muscles to relax. The massage will release natural endorphins which will help to relieve the pain.

Doctors and other health care providers cannot always pinpoint the exact cause of a patients' back pain. Back pain doesn't necessarily mean you have an injury. Most back pain results from the back's muscles, ligaments, and joints not moving the way they should. A doctor or health care provider can rule out the relatively rare and serious causes of low back pain. This can ease your stress and provide some comfort as you return to your normal activities. If the pain lasts for less than three months, it is called acute back pain, where acute refers to the duration rather than the severity of the symptoms. If the problem goes on for longer, this is known as chronic back pain. Keep in mind that most simple back strains do not cause lasting damage to your spine. In fact it is surprisingly difficult to damage your spine, and only a few people with back pain actually have a "slipped disc" or "pinched nerve".

Causes of Back Pain

• Lifting or exerting incorrectly

• Slouching in chairs

• Driving in a hunched position

• Poor posture

• Sleeping on a sagging mattress

• Being unfit or carrying excess weight

• standing or bending down for long periods,

• sitting in a chair that doesn’t provide enough back support,

• sleeping on a mattress that doesn’t provide enough back support,

• lifting, carrying, pushing or pulling loads that are simply too heavy, or going about these tasks in the wrong way,

• a trip or fall.

• Lack of exercise

• Sudden movements you back muscles cannot handle due to lack of proper exercise or care.

• Nerve root pain is the cause in less than 5% of people. The pain is caused by compression of a nerve root, which is the start of a nerve as it leaves the spinal cord. It is usually caused when a vertebral disc becomes displaced or bulges out from its normal position, putting pressure on the nerve root. This is called a slipped disc. The pain will normally be in the lower back, and there may be pain down one or both legs to the calves, feet or toes. In this case, the pain is sometimes called sciatica because the nerve that runs down each leg is called the sciatic nerve.

• abnormality of the spine, an infection or a collapse of the vertebrae, fibromyalgia (a condition that affects the muscles), tuberculosis or cancer may be more serious conditions of back pain.

• Facet joints are in almost constant motion with the spine and over time can simply wear out or become degenerated, leading to a process that produces bone spurs and an enlargement of the joints. Facet joint disorders can produce considerable back pain or neck pain on motion.

• Scheuermann's disease, or Scheuermann's Kyphosis, is a condition in which the normal roundback in the upper spine is increased and results in a hunchback appearance, but rarely causes back pain. Another condition, sometimes referred to as Lumbar Scheuermann's disease, is really juvenile disc disorder and can cause lower back pain at a young age.

• A synovial cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops as a result of degeneration in the spine. The cyst can create pressure inside the spinal canal and this in turn can give a patient all the symptoms of spinal stenosis, including lower back pain that can radiate to the legs.

• Scoliosis, or curvature of the spine, usually develops in the thoracic spine (upper back) or the thoracolumbar area of the spine, which is between the thoracic spine and lumbar spine (lower back).

Back Pain Facts

In 95% of cases of back pain, the cause is linked to the way the bones, ligaments and muscles of the back work together. It can come on suddenly but can also be due to strain over time rather than the result of overdoing it just once. Usually nothing abnormal shows up in tests such as X-rays, and generally nothing within the back is permanently damaged. Most people who suffer from this sort of back pain are adults up to 55 years old who are otherwise healthy. The pain is often based in the lumbar region (lower back), and may also spread to the buttocks and thighs. It will come and go at different times, and depending on different levels of activity.

• People who cope best with back pain are those that stay active.

• When it comes to back pain, hurt does not necessarily mean harm.

• Aging of the back begins at 35 for most people.

• Smokers are more likely to get back pain.

• People with previous back pain are likely to get it again within a couple of years.

• The longer you stay off work due to a back injury, the less likely you are to return to work.

• Even if your aches and pains last for a long time, it doesn't mean you have a serious injury. Back pain settles eventually, but we can't predict exactly when.

• Back pain usually subsides without any medical treatment in four to six weeks.
  
  General rules for maintaining back pain

• Exercise regularly.

• Keep your weight within a healthy range.

• Reduce your stress levels, since stress can cause muscle tension and spasms.

• If you smoke, try to stop - smoking increases your risk because your blood has trouble delivering oxygen to working tissues, making your back weaker.

• Try to maintain the natural curve of your back throughout the day.

• Wear comfortable and well-supported shoes.

• Sleep on a comfortable and supportive mattress - if you sleep on your side, place a pillow between your knees.

• When driving, adjust your seat properly so that arms are relaxed and bent to the steering wheel.

• Learn to stretch regularly.

Lifting

• Keep the object as close to you as possible - balance the load you are carrying between both hands.

• Minimize the distance you reach when picking up an object.

• Stretch to keep your lower back and legs flexible.

• Keep your abdominal muscles strong.

• Bend your knees if possible when lifting from a low position.

Standing

• Don't stay in a poor or awkward position for a long time without changing your posture.

• When you feel fatigued, it indicates you have been in that position for too long.

• Walk around frequently, raise and rest one foot on a block about six or eight inches high, crouch periodically to relax your back.

• If you've been bending forward, stretch and bend backwards.

General guidelines for back pain in the office 

• use a chair with a proper backrest as this reduces pressure on the lower back. A portable lumbar support can be used on chairs with poor back support, and chairs with armrests help by supporting the weight of your arms

• make sure your computer is at the right height - you shouldn't need to lean towards or away from your screen. A correct desk/seat height allows your arms to rest lightly on the desk's surface, with the keyboard a comfortable distance away, and about 60cm between your screen (which should ideally be at eye level) and your eyes

• adjust your position to make the most of lighting arrangements, especially if you find that you hunch over and peer at papers. Move the items you need most frequently within easy reach

• rest your feet flat on the floor or use a foot support to prevent the weight of the lower legs being supported by the front of the thighs. Don't cross your legs or have your thighs pressing against your chair seat too firmly, as this puts pressure on the veins situated on the underside of your thighs

• get up and walk round as often as possible - try setting an alarm or reminder function to help you remember

Common Back Surgery
All surgeries will require rehabilitation and time to heal.

Laminectomy

The Lamina is the part of the vertebra that forms the arch over the spinal cord (or cauda equina in the lumbar spine) and nerve roots at the back of the spine. A laminectomy is an operation to remove the arches of one or more vertebrae to expose a portion of the cauda equina and/or nerve roots. It is often performed as part of a discectomy, but may be performed alone to create more space to release a section of nerve that is compressed due to spinal canal stenosis.

Discectomy

A discectomy is a procedure to remove the part of the herniated disc that is compressing a nerve root. The size of the piece of disc removed varies considerably. The space left by removing the disc contents (and lamina, if appropriate) fills with scar tissue, usually over a period of a few weeks. There are several techniques for discectomy. 
Open discectomy - The surgeon makes an incision over the spine and the muscles are drawn apart, rather than cut, to expose the disc. The whole lamina may be removed to gain access to the disc.
Microdiscectomy - This procedure is more common than open discectomy. The surgeon makes a small incision over the spine and uses a special microscope to view the disc. Sometimes an endoscope, a fine telescope, is inserted to view the disc instead of a microscope. Just a small section of the lamina, or none at all, is removed to gain access to the disc. Recovery time is quicker after a microdiscectomy than an open discectomy because there is less disturbance of muscle and bone.
Percutaneous discectomy - This technique is only suitable in a small proportion of people. It can only be used for nerve root compression caused by a bulging disc whose contents have not broken through the disc wall. The surgeon inserts a fine steel tube into the back and passes instruments through this to remove the part of the disc that is bulging. This operation is usually carried out as a day case, with no overnight stay in hospital. Recovery is much quicker than with an open discectomy.

Spinal fusion

This is an operation to fuse together two or more vertebrae to maintain spinal alignment and stability.

Spinal fusion may be carried out for a number of reasons. For example, the lumbar spine may be unstable as a result of the vertebrae slipping (spondylolisthesis).

There are several techniques available. These may include:

• metal instruments such as screws, plates or pins, inserted into the body of the vertebrae to hold them together. These may be used alone or with bone grafts (figure 4)

• bone grafts taken from other areas of the body. These form a "bridge" between adjacent vertebrae. Metal screws may also be used to hold the vertebrae in place while the bone graft heals (figure 4)

• removal of a disc and insertion of a device called a "cage" into the space where the disc used to be. This encourages fusion between vertebral bodies. The operation is done from the back - the posterior approach - so it is called Posterior lumbar interbody fusion.

Alternative Back Pain Treatments

Osteopathy, chiropractic, and massage are treatments involving manipulation of the spine or muscles. They may provide short-term relief for simple back pain within the first six weeks.

Getting a regular massage for the back helps increases the blood flow to your muscles, improves muscle tone and helps your muscles to relax. The massage will release natural endorphins which will help to relieve the pain. If chronic back pain isn’t helped by manipulation, exercises or medication, then surgery may solve or help the problem. If the pain is caused by a damaged disc, for instance, this could be surgically removed.

How Massage Benefits Back Pain

Getting a regular massage for the back helps increases the blood flow to your muscles, improves muscle tone and helps your muscles to relax. The massage will release natural endorphins which will help to relieve the pain.

 

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